Modifier

A modifier is a number that changes a roll, or a granted ability. It is usually tied to an ability score. For example, your Intelligence modifier adds to the number of Skill points you receive per level. You can calculate your ability modifier by using the following equation:

Modifier = (Ability Score − 10)/2 (rounded down)

You can see below from having an ability score of 12 and upwards you will accrue one modifier point for each two ability points (1 point for 12 & 13, 2 points for 14 & 15, and so on).

The table below gives modifiers for several ability scores:

Ability score	Modifier	Ability score	Modifier	Ability score	Modifier	Ability score	Modifier
0–1	−5	20–21	+5	40–41	+15	60–61	+25
2–3	−4	22–23	+6	42–43	+16	62–63	+26
4–5	−3	24–25	+7	44–45	+17	64–65	+27
6–7	−2	26–27	+8	46–47	+18	66–67	+28
8–9	−1	28–29	+9	48–49	+19	68–69	+29
10–11	0	30–31	+10	50–51	+20	70–71	+30
12–13	+1	32–33	+11	52–53	+21	72–73	+31
14–15	+2	34–35	+12	54–55	+22	74–75	+32
16–17	+3	36–37	+13	56–57	+23	76–77	+33
18–19	+4	38–39	+14	58–59	+24	78–79	+34