Beholder race

Overview
The notorious Beholder is one of D&D's signature monsters and the bane of buffed, non-Warforged players everywhere. It has ten offensive eyes on stalks, and one large antimagic eye on its face. The large fangs are an afterthought compared to the incredible magic damage a Beholder can cause.

While a beholder is physically weak, it's ability to strike a unprepared player dead instantly in several different ways makes it one enemy that you cannot take lightly.

Front Eye

 * Disintegrate (Fortitude save or take 120+ damage)
 * Enervation (Take 1-4 temporary negative levels. Prevented by Death Ward--provided that the beholder hasn't used Anti-magic on you and removed that spell...)
 * Telekinesis (thrown through the air, can take no actions)
 * Anti-magic cone: The anti-magic cone is cast by the Beholder's central main eye every 3-4 seconds. Spell casters hit by this anti-magic cone are unable to cast any kind of spells for 3 seconds. The anti-magic cone effectively dispels any and all arcane and divine spells currently on the player EXCEPT:
 * Bard songs
 * Buffs from Guild Ship amenities
 * Buffs from a Monk in Harmonious Balance philosophy (the "Light Monk")
 * DDO Store bought buffs

Left Eyes

 * Flesh to Stone (Fortitude save or be petrified until succeeding a later saving throw, one chance per minute)
 * Slow

Back Eyes

 * Finger of Death (Fortitude save or die, prevented by Deathblock and Deathward)
 * Scorching Ray
 * Bestow Curse

Right Eyes

 * Hold Monster (Will save or be immobilized.)
 * Inflict Serious Wounds

Other abilities

 * See Invisibility
 * Levitate

Tactics to deal with Spell Absorption and Negative Energy
While the Death Ward spell can deflect several of a Beholder's rays, the monsters often dispel all such protection at the start of any combat.

A permanent Deathblock item, while only good against the Finger of Death, cannot be dispelled. Alternately, the Silver Flame Talisman (3rd tier necklace upgrade of the Silver Flame Nugget) has Protection from Evil, Deathblock AND Negative Energy Absorption (10/rest) making it a very handy item for battling Beholders.

Alternately, the Mantle of the Worldshaper absorbs 5 spells per rest; the unsuppressed version of the Pale Lavender Ioun Stone, which provides 12 - 50 levels of enervation (1-4 per shot) and recharges at a rate of 15/rest (Edit: the Pale Lavender Ioun Stone does NOT protect from the beholder's Enervation - you can get negative levels even while wearing it!); and the handy but disposable Scarab of Protection provides up to 12 absorptions as well as Deathblock--but once the charges are consumed, this trinket is destroyed, leaving a player unprotected. Other items to combat level drain and negative energy include the Eye of the Beholder, Beholder Optic Nerves and the Lesser Anti-Beholder Crystal.

Restoration spells (Lesser Restoration does not work) will restore negative levels, if waiting 3 minutes per negative level restoration or single rest at a shrine does not suit you.

A convenient idea to have a font of Restoration spells may be to bring in the Cleric hirelings Fergus or Laerathor (levels 8 and 7, respectively), placing him deep at the quest's start where no monster can see them. Set the hireling's behavior to passive so that they do no automatic actions. Come to the hireling to remove negative levels as required.

Attacking a Beholder
Fortunately, a beholder's defenses are not equivalent to their tremendous damage, and the aberration can be quickly dispatched if you react fast.

Casters
The Phantasmal Killer or Finger of Death spells are notably worthwhile for an arcane caster; similarly, Destruction for a divine caster. If you're able to get a Wall of Fire spell off before an anti-magic cone strikes you, that's fine, too.

A useful tactic for spell casters to quickly dispatch a beholder is to either use the Enlarge Spell feat to kill them from a safe distance without being affected by their anti-magic cone, or to simply wait for it to turn its backside to you and cast spells at it then.

Spell like abilities aquired via prestige classes (palemaster, savant, archmage) still operate normally while under the effects of an anti-magic cone.

Melee or Ranged classes
A Weakening weapon will quickly reduce a beholder's attack as their STR is very low. If the beholder's STR is reduce to 0 they become Helpless and lose all attacks, including their eye rays!

A Banishing weapon does an extra 4d6 damage per hit and may destroy them outright on a Natural 20 (if their current HP are less than 1,000 otherwise it does an extra 100 points of damage). This works because even though their monster type is Aberration, they are extraplanar creatures from Xoriat.

Short of a lucky spell caster with their own anti-planar spells ready, a Monk possessing the Shintao Monk III enhancements may be the most efficient beholder slayer, since their speed (especially Abundant Step), Stunning Fist, Jade Strike, Tomb of Jade, and Dismissing Strike banishing attacks can rapidly stun, freeze or banish a beholder outright. As the Monk uses buffs that cannot be dispelled and is an extremely fast class with great saves and little to lose to a beholder's wrath (at least as long as they save once to a Disintegrate spell), a Monk may need only to recharge their HP after he quickly ends a beholder's existence.

Warforged can bring the smackdown, too. Not quite living, they are immune from negative energy damage.

Next to Warforged, Paladins may have the best inherent protection, becoming resistant to beholder effects by using the Hunter of the Dead II or III enhancement. They cannot be affected by any energy drain and take less damage from negative energy effects.

Weapons to Use
Holy, Pure Good, True Chaos, Anarchic, Aberration Bane, Banishing, Weakening, Paralyzing

Spells to Use
Destruction, Finger of Death, Phantasmal Killer, Flesh to Stone, Feeblemind, Dismissal, Banishment

Things to Wear
Anything with Deathblock and spell absorption abilities.

Types
Beholders are usually Aberration type monsters, but can also be Undead type monsters. These undead beholders are known as Doomspheres

There is a sub-race of beholders called Chaos Beholders, which are from the plane of Xoriat. They have a slightly different set of attacks and qualities than regular beholders. Most notably, Chaos Beholders do not possess an Anti-magic cone.

Players can get, among other options, their own summoned chaos beholder, thanks to the Shard of Xoriat.

Creature Entries
Beholder race monsters