Critical hit

If you hit your target while getting a (non-modified) d20 roll within your weapon's threat range, this results in a critical threat. An additional attack roll is made, and if it results in a hit, the critical hit is confirmed and the base damage you inflict to your target is multiplied by your weapon's critical hit multiplier. Note that the second roll does not need to fall within the threat range, it just needs to be enough to hit your target (the exact same attack bonus as your initial attack is used).

The base damage is not exactly multiplied, but rather rolled for every critical hit multiplier. For instance a +2 longsword doing 1d8 + 2 damage on a normal hit will do 2d8 + 4 damage on a critical hit since it has a 2x critical hit multiplier. On another hand, a +3 greataxe doing 1d12 + 3 damage on a normal hit will do 3d12 + 9 damage on a critical hit, because it has a 3x critical hit multiplier. Your strength bonus is also counted as part of the base damage, and thus multiplied by the critical hit multiplier.

Additional damage is in general not rolled multiple times (like elemental, alignment, bane, or sneak attack damage), except when specified in the weapon's effect description (for instance burst weapons do additional elemental or alignment damage on a critical hit).

Automatic Critical
For both players and monsters alike, DDO offers a variety of inhibiting techniques by which a target is helplessly glued to one spot and/or otherwise unable to take action (often involving a save of some kind). Many of these methods automatically ensures that the subject is critically hit during duration, regardless of threat range. Others do not.

Inhibit Methods Subject to Automatic Critical

 * Ability Damage Helplessness
 * Earthgrab
 * Flesh to Stone
 * Freezing Ice
 * Hold Creature Effects
 * Paralysis induced by Ghoul Touch
 * Sleep
 * Stuns induced from
 * KotC Censure Demons
 * Power Word Stun
 * Stunning Fist
 * Stunning Blow
 * Weighted Weaponry

Inhibit Methods Not Subject to Automatic Critical

 * Cometfall Knockover
 * Command/Greater Command
 * Dance Effects
 * Daze Monster
 * Fascination Effects
 * Fear induced Helplessness
 * Halt Undead/Turn Undead Stun (by virtue of natural undead immunity to criticals)
 * Hypnotism
 * Paralysis (from a paralyzing weapon)
 * Stuns/Dazes induced from
 * Electric Loop
 * Soundburst
 * Symbol of Stunning
 * Trip
 * Web