Help:Extension:ParserFunctions

As taken directly from the extension help page on MediaWiki:

The ParserFunctions extension provides eleven additional parser functions to supplement the "magic words", which are already present in MediaWiki. All the parser functions provided by this extension take the form:
 *  

#expr
This function evaluates a mathematical expression and returns the calculated value.


 *  

The available operators are listed to the right, in order of precedence. See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Calculation Help:Calculation] for more details of the function of each operator. The accuracy and format of the result returned will vary depending on the operating system of the server running the wiki, and the number format of the site language.

When evaluating using https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/boolean_algebra_(logic) boolean algebra], zero evaluates to false and any nonzero value, positive or negative, evaluates to true:


 *   → 
 *   → 

An empty input expression returns an empty string. Invalid expressions return one of several error messages, which can be caught using the #iferror function:


 *   →  
 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 

The order of addition and subtraction operands before or after a number is meaningful, and may be treated as a positive or negative value instead of as an operand with an erroneous input:


 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 

Note, if using the output of magic words, you must raw format them in order to remove commas, and translate the numerals. For example results in, where we want 0 which can be obtained by  0 </tt>. This is especially important in some languages, where numerals are translated. For example, in Bengali, produces ৩০,০৬১.


 *  </tt> →  
 *  </tt> → 

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: The operator mod gives wrong results for some values of the second argument:


 *  </tt> →  (produces an empty string; should be 123)

Rounding
Rounds off the number on the left to a multiple of 1/10 raised to a power, with the exponent equal to the truncated value of the number given on the right:



To round up or down use unary  or   respectively.

#if
This function evaluates a test string and determines whether or not it is empty. A test string containing only white space is considered to be empty.


 *  </tt>


 *  </tt>

This function first tests whether the first parameter is not empty. If the first parameter is not empty the function displays the second argument. If the first parameter is empty or contains only whitespace characters (spaces, newlines, etc.) it displays the third argument.


 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 
 *  </tt> → 

The test string is always interpreted as pure text, so mathematical expressions are not evaluated:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

Either or both the return values may be omitted:


 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  

See Help:Parser functions in templates for more examples of this parser function.

#ifeq
This parser function compares two strings and determines whether they are identical.


 * <tt> </tt>

If both strings are valid numerical values, the strings are compared numerically:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

Otherwise the comparison is made as text; this comparison is case sensitive:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> →   (compare to similar example above, without the quotes)
 * <tt> </tt> →   (compare to similar example above, with <tt>#expr</tt>)

As a practical example, given an existing template <tt>Template:Size</tt> used to set standard short and long sizes, defined as:

the following ensue:


 * <tt> </tt> → 20
 * <tt> </tt> → 40
 * <tt> </tt> → 40

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: Numerical comparisons with <tt>#ifeq</tt> and <tt>#switch</tt> are not equivalent to comparisons with <tt>#expr</tt>:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

because PHP compares two numbers of type integer, whereas:


 * <tt> </tt> → 

because MediaWiki converts literal numbers in expressions to type float, which, for large integers like these, involves rounding.

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: Content inside parser tags (such as <tt>  </tt>) is temporarily replaced by a unique code. This affects comparisons:


 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  

If the strings to be compared are given as equal calls to the same template containing such tags, then the condition is true, but in the case of two templates with identical content containing such tags it is false.

#iferror
This function takes an input string and returns one of two results; the function evaluates to <tt>true</tt> if the input string contains an HTML object with <tt>class="error"</tt>, as generated by other parser functions such as <tt>#expr</tt>, <tt>#time</tt> and <tt>#rel2abs</tt>, template errors such as loops and recursions, and other "failsoft" parser errors.


 * <tt> </tt>

One or both of the return strings can be omitted. If the <tt>correct</tt> string is omitted, the <tt>test string</tt> is returned if it is not erroneous. If the <tt>error</tt> string is also omitted, an empty string is returned on an error:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → &zwnj;
 * <tt> </tt> → 

#ifexpr
This function evaluates a mathematical expression and returns one of two strings depending on the boolean value of the result:


 * <tt> </tt>

The <tt>expression</tt> input is evaluated exactly as for <tt>#expr</tt> above, with the same operators being available. The output is then evaluated as a boolean expression.

An empty input expression evaluates to false:


 * <tt> </tt> → 

As mentioned above, zero evaluates to false and any nonzero value evaluates to true, so this function is equivalent to one using <tt>#ifeq</tt> and <tt>#expr</tt> only:


 * <tt> </tt>

except for an empty or wrong input expression (an error message is treated as an ordinary string; it is not equal to zero, so we get <tt>value if true</tt>).
 * <tt> </tt> →  

Either or both the return values may be omitted; no output is given when the appropriate branch is left empty:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →  

tip: If you want to do calculations based on dates (If current date and time is after some other date and time), first convert the time to number of seconds after January 1, 1970 using, then you can simply add and subtract dates.

#ifexist
This function takes an input string, interprets it as a page title, and returns one of two values depending on whether or not the page exists on the local wiki.


 * <tt> </tt>

The function evaluates to <tt>true</tt> if the page exists, whether it contains content, is visibly blank (contains meta-data such as category links or magic words, but no visible content), is blank, or is a redirect. Only pages that are redlinked evaluate to false, including if the page used to exist but has been deleted.


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

The function evaluates to true for system messages that have been customised, and for special pages that are defined by the software.


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> →
 * <tt> </tt> →

If a page checks a target using <tt>#ifexist:</tt>, then that page will appear in the list for the target page. So if the code <tt> </tt> were included live on this page, /Foo will list.

On wikis using a shared media repository, <tt>#ifexist:</tt> can be used to check if a file has been uploaded to the repository, but not to the wiki itself:
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

If a local description page has been created for the file, the result is exists for all of the above.

<tt>#ifexist:</tt> does not work with interwiki links.

ifexist limits
<tt>#ifexist:</tt> is considered an "expensive parser function"; only a limited number of which can be included on any one page (including functions inside transcluded templates). When this limit is exceeded, any further <tt>#ifexist:</tt> functions automatically return false, whether the target page exists or not, and the page is categorised into Category:. The name of the tracking category may vary depending on the content language of your wiki.

For some use cases it is possible to emulate the ifexist effect with css, by using the selectors <tt>a.new</tt> (to select links to unexisting pages) or <tt>a:not(.new)</tt> (to select links to existing pages). Furthermore, since the number of expensive parser functions that can be used on a single page is controlled by $wgExpensiveParserFunctionLimit, one can also increase the limit in LocalSettings.php if needed.

#rel2abs
This function converts a relative file path into an absolute filepath.


 * <tt> </tt>
 * <tt> </tt>

Within the <tt>path</tt> input, the following syntax is valid:
 * → the current level
 * → "go up one level"
 * → "go down one level into the subdirectory /foo"

If the <tt>base path</tt> is not specified, the full page name of the page will be used instead:


 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''

Invalid syntax, such as <tt>/.</tt> or <tt>/./</tt>, is ignored. Since no more than two consecutive full stops are permitted, sequences such as these can be used to separate successive statements:


 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''

#switch
This function compares one input value against several test cases, returning an associated string if a match is found.

Example:


 * <tt> </tt> →   


 * 1) switch allows an editor to add information in one template and this information will be visible in several other templates which all have different formatting.

Default
The <tt>default result</tt> is returned if no <tt>case</tt> string matches the <tt>comparison string</tt>:


 * <tt> </tt> →   

In this syntax, the default result must be the last parameter and must not contain a raw equals sign.


 * <tt> </tt> →   
 * <tt> </tt> →   

Alternatively, the default result may be explicitly declared with a <tt>case</tt> string of "<tt>#default</tt>".

Default results declared in this way may be placed anywhere within the function:


 * <tt> </tt> →   

If the <tt>default</tt> parameter is omitted and no match is made, no <tt>result</tt> is returned:


 * <tt> </tt> →   

Grouping results
It is possible to have 'fall through' values, where several <tt>case</tt> strings return the same <tt>result</tt> string. This minimizes duplication.

Here cases 2, 3 and 4 all return <tt>result2</tt>; cases 6 and 7 both return <tt>result4</tt>

Comparison behaviour
As with <tt>#ifeq</tt>, the comparison is made numerically if both the comparison string and the case string being tested are numeric; or as a case-sensitive string otherwise:


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

A <tt>case</tt> string may be empty:
 * <tt> </tt> → 

Once a match is found, subsequent <tt>cases</tt> are ignored:
 * <tt> </tt> → 

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: Numerical comparisons with  and   are not equivalent with comparisons in expressions (see also above):


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

Raw equal signs
"Case" strings cannot contain raw equals signs. To work around this, create a template = containing a single equals sign: <tt>=</tt>.

Example:


 * <tt> </tt> → 

Replacing #ifeq
can be used to reduce expansion depth.

For example: is equivalent with

#time
This parser function takes a date and/or time (in the Gregorian calendar) and formats it according to the syntax given. A date/time object can be specified; the default is the value of the magic word <tt> </tt> – that is, the time the page was last rendered into HTML.


 * <tt> </tt>
 * <tt> </tt>
 * <tt> </tt>

The list of accepted formatting codes is given in the table to the right. Any character in the formatting string that is not recognised is passed through unaltered; this applies also to blank spaces (the system does not need them for interpreting the codes). There are also two ways to escape characters within the formatting string: In addition, the digraph <tt>xx</tt> is interpreted as a single literal "x".
 * 1) A backslash followed by a formatting character is interpreted as a single literal character
 * 2) Characters enclosed in double quotes are considered literal characters, and the quotes are removed.


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

The <tt>date/time object</tt> can be in any format accepted by PHP's strtotime function. Both absolute (eg <tt>20 December 2000</tt>) and relative (eg <tt>+20 hours</tt>) times are accepted.

<tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

The language code in ISO 639-3 (?) allows the string to be displayed in the chosen language <tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

If you've calculated a Unix timestamp, you may use it in date calculations by pre-pending an <tt>@</tt> symbol.

<tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: The range of acceptable input is 1 January 0111 → 31 December 9999. For the years 100 through 110 the output is inconsistent, Y and leap years are like the years 100-110, r, D, l and U are like interpreting these years as 2000-2010.

<tt> </tt> →  (correct, no leap year), but

<tt> </tt> →  (wrong, even if 100 is interpreted as 2000, because that is a leap year)

<tt> </tt> → '''

<tt> </tt> → '''

Year numbers 0-99 are interpreted as 2000-2069 and 1970-1999, even when written with leading zeros:

<tt> </tt> → 

<tt> </tt> → 

The weekday is supplied for the years 100-110 and from 1753, for the years 111-1752 the r-output shows "Unknown" and the l-output "<>". As a consequence, the r-output is not accepted as input for these years.

Full or partial absolute dates can be specified; the function will "fill in" parts of the date that are not specified using the current values:


 * <tt> </tt> → '''

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: The fill-in feature is not consistent; some parts are filled in using the current values, others are not:

<tt> </tt> → ''' Gives the start of the day, but the current day of the month and the current year. <tt> </tt> → ''' Gives the start of the day, but the current day of the year.

With MediaWiki r86805 - Code Review, a four-digit number is always interpreted as a year, never as hours and minutes:

<tt> </tt> → '''

A six-digit number is interpreted as hours, minutes and seconds if possible, but otherwise as an error (not, for instance, a year and month):

<tt> </tt> → ''' Input is treated as a time rather than a year+month code.

<tt> </tt> → ''' Although 19:60:09 is not a valid time, 196009 is not interpreted as September 1960.

The function performs a certain amount of date mathematics:


 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''
 * <tt> </tt> → '''

The total length of the format strings of the calls of  is limited to 6000 characters.

#timel
This function is identical to <tt> </tt>, except that it uses the local time of the wiki (as set in $wgLocaltimezone) when no date is given.


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

#titleparts
This function separates a pagetitle into segments based on slashes, then returns some of those segments as output.


 * <tt> </tt>

If the <tt>number of segments</tt> parameter is not specified, it defaults to "0", which returns all the segments from first segment (included). If the <tt>first segment</tt> parameter is not specified or is "0", it defaults to "1":


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

Negative values are accepted for both values. Negative values for <tt>number of segments</tt> effectively 'strips' segments from the end of the string. Negative values for <tt>first segment</tt> translates to "add this value to the total number of segments", loosely equivalent to "count from the right":


 * <tt> </tt> →  Strips one segment from the end of the string
 * <tt> </tt> →   Strips all 4 segments from the end of the string
 * <tt> </tt> →   Strips 5 segments from the end of the string (more than exist)
 * <tt> </tt> →  
 * <tt> </tt> →   Strips one segment from the end of the string, then returns the second segment and beyond

The string is split a maximum of 25 times; further slashes are ignored and the 25th element will contain the rest of the string. The string is also limited to 255 characters, as it is treated as a page title:


 * <tt> </tt> → 

If for whatever reason you needed to push this function to its limit, although very unlikely, it is possible to bypass the 25 split limit by nesting function calls:


 * <tt> </tt> → 

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: You can use #titleparts as a small "string parser & converter", but consider that it returns the first substring capitalized. If lower case is needed, use lc: function to control output.


 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 
 * <tt> </tt> → 

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: Certain characters that are illegal in a page title will cause #titleparts to not parse the string.
 * <tt> </tt> → .  Does not produce the expected: {one

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: :<tt> </tt> → 

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: This function does not degrade gracefully if your input exceeds 255 characters. If the inputted string is 256 characters long or more, this function will simply toss the string back at you.

Substitution
Parser functions can be substituted by prefixing the hash character with <tt>subst:</tt>:


 * <tt> </tt> → the code <tt>    </tt> will be inserted in the wikitext since the page  exists.

<i style="color: #FF0000;">warning</i>: The results of substituted parser functions are undefined if the expressions contain unsubstituted volatile code such as variables or other parser functions. For consistent results, all the volatile code in the expression to be evaluated must be substituted. See Help:Substitution.

Escaping pipe characters in tables
Parser functions will mangle wikitable syntax and pipe characters, treating all the raw pipe characters as parameter dividers. To avoid this, most wikis create the template    :! with its contents only a raw pipe character. This 'hides' the pipe from the MediaWiki parser, ensuring that it is not considered until after all the templates and variables on a page have been expanded. It will then be interpreted as a table row or column separator. Alternatively, raw HTML table syntax can be used, although this is less intuitive and more error-prone.

You can also escape the pipe character for display as a plain, uninterpreted character using an HTML entity:.

Stripping whitespace
Whitespace, including newlines, tabs, and spaces, is stripped from the beginning and end of all the parameters of these parser functions. If this is not desirable, comparison of strings can be done after putting them in quotation marks.





For preventing trimming then- and else-parts, see m:Template:If.