Favored weapon

When you take your first level in a divine class (i.e. Cleric, Favored Soul, and Paladin),you get to choose a deity. Each deity has one favored weapon; as you take additional divine levels, you might get additional benefits.

Default favored weapons
Depending on your race, you can select one of the following: Bastard Sword, Dagger, Greatsword, Heavy Mace, Longbow, Longsword, Maul, Quarterstaff, Scimitar, Shortsword, Sickle, Warhammer

(The Forgotten Realms races are the three iconics included in higher tiers of the Shadowfell Conspiracy expansion - Morninglord. Shadar-kai and Purple Dragon Knight. Everything else counts as an Eberron race.)

Additional favored weapons
Certain abilities allow you to add another weapon or weapon group as an extra favored weapon.
 * Dwarven Waraxe: Dwarf enhancements
 * Greatsword: Paladin Knight of the Chalice - Holy Combatant
 * Heavy Crossbow, Light Crossbow: Inquisitive - Divine Inquisition
 * Rapier, Falchion, and Shortbow: Wood Elf - Faith of the Forest
 * Longsword, Longbow, Morningstar, Greatsword (select one): Paladin Divine Crusader - The Book of War
 * Longsword, Battle Axe, Heavy Mace, Morningstar, and War Hammer: Paladin Knight of the Chalice - Adept Combatant

Misc
 * Warforged and Bladeforged treat (quarterstaff) as their favored weapon.
 * Weapons with the Favored Weapon enchantment are favored weapons for everyone.

Abilities that require favored weapons
Certain abilities require that you wield a favored weapon in your main hand.
 * War Soul enhancements and Warpriest enhancements